Many people shudder at the thought of a root canal. Understanding what happens inside your tooth during this procedure can ease your fears. A root canal treats an infected or damaged tooth. Dentists perform this procedure to save the tooth and alleviate pain. The inside of your tooth, known as the pulp, contains nerves and blood vessels. When the pulp becomes infected, it can cause severe pain and lead to further complications.
Without treatment, the infection can spread, causing abscesses and even affecting your overall health. The root canal procedure aims to remove the infected pulp, clean the inside of the tooth, and seal it to prevent future infections.
Step-by-Step Process of a Root Canal
Let’s break down the root canal process into clear steps:
- Diagnosis and Preparation: First, the dentist examines your tooth and takes X-rays to assess the extent of the damage. This step is crucial for planning the treatment and ensuring no hidden issues exist. They then numb the area to ensure you feel no pain during the procedure. Local anesthesia makes the process comfortable, and some dentists may offer sedation options for anxious patients.
- Accessing the Pulp: The dentist drills a small hole in the top of your tooth to access the pulp chamber and root canals. This entry point allows the dentist to reach the infected or damaged pulp. The opening is made with precision to minimize the removal of healthy tooth structure.
- Removing the Infected Pulp: Using specialized tools, the dentist removes the infected or damaged pulp from the chamber and canals. This step involves using tiny files to extract the pulp tissue carefully. Removing the pulp eliminates the source of infection and pain.
Renewing the Tooth
After getting rid of the infection, your dentist needs to reshape and fully clean the tooth. This makes the process of sealing your tooth safe and effective.
- Cleaning and Shaping: The dentist cleans and shapes the inside of the tooth, ensuring all bacteria and debris are removed. They may also use an antimicrobial solution to disinfect the area. This step is critical for preventing future infections. The dentist shapes the canals to prepare them for filling, ensuring they are smooth and free of irregularities.
- Filling the Canals: After cleaning, the dentist fills the empty canals with a rubber-like material called gutta-percha. This seals the canals and prevents future infections. The gutta-percha is placed with an adhesive cement to ensure a tight seal. This step restores the structural integrity of the tooth.
- Sealing the Tooth: Finally, the dentist seals the access hole with a temporary or permanent filling. In some cases, they may place a crown to restore the tooth’s strength and appearance. The crown protects the tooth from fractures and restores its function. The permanent restoration ensures the tooth blends seamlessly with your natural teeth.
What Happens After the Procedure?
After the root canal, your dentist will provide instructions for care:
- Avoid chewing on the treated tooth until it is fully restored
- Maintain good oral hygiene by brushing and flossing regularly
- Attend follow-up appointments to monitor the tooth’s healing
Most patients experience relief from pain and can return to normal activities within a few days. Proper care ensures the treated tooth lasts a lifetime. Your dentist may recommend over-the-counter pain relievers to manage any discomfort in the days following the procedure. It’s also important to avoid hard or sticky foods that could damage the temporary filling or crown. With good oral hygiene and regular dental check-ups, your treated tooth can function just like your natural teeth.